Solution:
A good absorber of radiant energy, like a black surface, sends to get hot. If it is a poor emitter, that means it will remain hot for a long time. Therefore, an object that is both a good absorber of radiant energy and a poor emitter would tend to be hotter than its surroundings.
Solution:
Specific heat capacity for water = 4.18 Joules/(gram*degree Celcius)
(how much energy is required per gram per change in degrees C)
mass = 4g
Change in temperature = 6 deg C
energy required = mass * change in temperature * specific heat capacity
= 4g * 6 deg C * 4.18 J/(g*deg C)
= 100.32 Joules
Vector quantities have two characteristics: magnitude and a direction. Scalar quantities only have magnitude.